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Renaissance Art
47 flashcards
The Renaissance was a period from the 14th to the 17th century that saw a flourishing of art, philosophy, and culture after the Middle Ages in Europe.
Major centers of Renaissance art included Florence, Rome, Venice, and cities in northern Italy, as well as parts of northern Europe like the Netherlands.
New art techniques like linear perspective, realistic portraiture, the study of anatomy and proportion, and the use of oil paints on canvas were pioneered.
Leonardo da Vinci was a polymath and a genius of the Renaissance, famous for paintings like the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
Michelangelo was a renowned Renaissance artist known for his sculptures like the David and Pietà, as well as his paintings on the Sistine Chapel ceiling.
Common Renaissance themes included humanism, classical influences from ancient Greek and Roman sources, naturalism, and the portrayal of biblical stories.
Chiaroscuro referred to the use of strong contrasting light and dark areas in art to create a sense of volume and drama.
The School of Athens by Raphael was a famous Renaissance fresco depicting philosophers in an idealized classical setting.
The Venetian Renaissance was known for the vivid colors, rich textures, dramatic lighting, and sensuality in the art of painters like Titian, Tintoretto, and Veronese.
The Northern Renaissance was the Renaissance that occurred in northern European regions like the Netherlands, Germany, France and saw artists like Jan van Eyck.
Sfumato was a painting technique used by Leonardo da Vinci to create soft, hazy outlines without harsh lines by blending colors and tones into each other.
Contrapposto was a sculpting technique from ancient Greek art revived in the Renaissance, showing a twisted pose with the body weight shifted to one foot.
An important advancement in oil painting was the increased use of oil glazes to create deeper, richer colors and shading effects.
Michelangelo painted the famous frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican between 1508-1512.
Some of Michelangelo's most famous sculptures included the Pietà, David, and the Slaves or Unfinished Captives sculptures.
The Baroque style of painting with dramatic lighting, intense emotions, and complex compositions followed the Renaissance in the 17th century.
Artemisia Gentileschi was one of the most famous female painters of the Renaissance, known for works like Judith Slaying Holofernes.
Common subjects in Northern Renaissance art included detailed landscapes, scenes of everyday life, and realistic portraits of middle-class individuals.
The wealthy Medici family were influential patrons who funded many Renaissance artworks and were de facto rulers of Florence for much of the Renaissance.
The Mona Lisa is Leonardo's most famous painting, a renowned portrait displaying his mastery of sfumato and capturing an enigmatic smile.
Renaissance architecture was inspired by classical Greek and Roman styles, using domes, columns, symmetry, proportion, and geometric shapes.
The development of one-point linear perspective allowed Renaissance artists to create the illusion of depth and 3D space in paintings.
The painter Sandro Botticelli painted the iconic mythological work The Birth of Venus during the Italian Renaissance.
The Vitruvian Man was Leonardo's famous drawing depicting ideal human body proportions fitting inside both a square and a circle.
Common religious subjects included the Madonna and Child, Crucifixion scenes, and biblical narratives from the Old and New Testaments.
The painter Raphael was renowned for his masterly use of Classicism, depicting graceful figures in an idealized ancient Roman style.
Influences on Northern Renaissance art included medieval Gothic art traditions, Flemish realism, and innovations of Italian Renaissance art.
Mannerism in the late Renaissance focused on distortions, elongated figures, vivid colors, and complex compositions over classical ideals.
Common themes in Renaissance sculptures included classical mythology, biblical narratives, and the idealized nude human form.
Techniques like realistic shading, perspective, proportion studies, and capturing subtle facial expressions helped create lifelike portraits.
The three masters considered the leading artists of the High Renaissance were Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael.
Developments in printmaking like woodcuts and engravings allowed Renaissance artworks to be reproduced and disseminated more widely.
The domed cathedral like the iconic St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican typified the style of Renaissance architecture.
Humanist philosophy focused on human potential and achievements, drawing inspiration from classical Greek and Roman thought.
Close observational studies of nature, anatomy, light and landscapes influenced the realistic representations in Renaissance art.
Principles defining the Renaissance style included humanism, naturalism, classical influences, balance, and idealized beauty.
The Arnolfini Portrait by the Flemish master Jan van Eyck is considered one of the most iconic domestic scenes in Northern Renaissance art.
In addition to wealthy merchant families like the Medici, the Catholic Church and ruling noble families were major patrons of Renaissance art.
The Renaissance flourished in Italy due to events like the rise of city-states and trade, the rediscovery of ancient texts, and the patronage of wealthy families.
Some of Raphael's most famous works included The School of Athens, Madonna of the Meadow, and many portraits of wealthy patrons.
Renaissance sculptures often utilized new materials like bronze that allowed for complex poses and new subjects like the nude form.
An important philosophical idea was humanism which celebrated human potential, individualism and secularism over religious dogma.
Techniques like studying live models, precise anatomical analysis, and proportional systems helped depict the human form more realistically.
Important technological innovations included the printing press, which aided the spread of Renaissance ideas, and the camera obscura for studying light.
Developments included utilizing drawings as preparatory studies, life drawing classes, and new drawing manuals exploring techniques.
The artistic movement of Mannerism, characterized by elongated figures and compositional tension, followed after the Renaissance.
Renaissance humanist thinkers explored concepts like individualism, skepticism of authority, civic virtue, and reviving classical learning.